 1. Atmosphere, Climate, and Weather
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 Classroom Toolkit |
9-11 |
11-12 (Advanced) |
S:ESS1:11:1.1 Explain how winds and ocean currents are created on the Earth’s surface.
S:ESS1:11:1.2 Explain how heat and energy transfer in and out of the atmosphere; and provide examples of how it is related to weather and climate.
S:ESS1:11:1.3 Describe how Earth’s atmospheric composition has changed from the formation of the Earth through current time.
S:ESS1:11:1.4 Explain how Earth’s features can affect wind and weather patterns by causing air to rise and increasing precipitation.
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S:ESS1:12:1.1 Identify and describe the layers of the atmosphere.
S:ESS1:12:1.2 Understand the effects of solar influences, such as flares and sunspots, on atmospheric conditions.
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 2. Composition and Features
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| Classroom Toolkit |
9-11 |
11-12 |
S:ESS1:11:2.1 Recognize that elements exist in fixed amounts and describe how they move through the solid Earth, oceans, atmosphere, and living things as part of geochemical cycles, such as the water, carbon and nitrogen cycles.
S:ESS1:11:2.2 Describe the conditions that enable the Earth to support life, such as the availability of water, the gravitational force, the electromagnetic field and the intensity of radiation from the Sun.
S:ESS1:11:2.3 Explain the theory of plate tectonics.
S:ESS1:11:2.4 Describe the movement of crustal plates and explain how the effects have altered the Earth’s features.
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Schools should include expectations and competencies from Advanced Science Courses and Science-related Career and Technical Education Courses. |
 3. Fossils
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| Classroom Toolkit |
9-11 |
11-12 |
S:ESS1:11:3.1 Identify and describe the methods used to measure geologic time, such as fossil identification, radioactive dating, and rock sequences.
S:ESS1:11:3.2 Relate how geologic time is determined using various dating methods (e.g., radioactive decay, rock sequences, fossil records).
[ESS1(9-11)INQ+POC+MAS-4]
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Schools should include expectations and competencies from Advanced Science Courses and Science-related Career and Technical Education Courses |
4. Observation of Earth from Space |
9-11 |
11-12 |
S:ESS1:11:4.1 Provided with geologic data (including movement of plates) on a given locale, predict the likelihood for an earth event (e.g. volcanoes mountain ranges, islands, earthquakes, tides, tsunamis).
[ESS1(9-11)INQ+POC-1]
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Schools should include expectations and competencies from Advanced Science Courses and Science-related Career and Technical Education Courses |
5. Processes and Rates of Change |
9-11 |
11-12 |
| S:ESS1:11:5.1 Explain that the Earth is composed of interactive layers, which have distinct compositions, physical properties and processes.
S:ESS1:11:5.2 Relate plate movement to earthquakes and volcanic activity, and explain how it results in tectonic uplift and mountain building.
S:ESS1:11:5.3 Identify and describe the major external and internal sources of energy on Earth.
S:ESS1:11:5.4 Provide supporting geologic/geographic evidence that supports the validity of the theory of plate tectonics. [ESS1(9-11)NOS-2]
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S:ESS1:11:5.5 Trace the development of the theory of plate tectonics. [ESS1(9-11)NOS-2]
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S:ESS1:11:5.6 Explain how internal and external sources of heat (energy) fuel geologic processes (e.g., rock cycle, plate tectonics, sea floor spreading).
[ESS1(9-11)SAE+POC-3]
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Schools should include expectations and competencies from Advanced Science Courses and Science-related Career and Technical Education Courses
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6. Rock Cycle |
9-11 |
11-12 |
S:ESS1:11:6.1 Explain that throughout the rock cycle, the total amount of the material remains the same. |
S:ESS1:12:6.1 Describe the processes that transform one type of rock into another, such as lithification, metamorphosis, and weathering on a chemical level.
S:ESS1:12:6.2 Describe the various types of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks found on Earth. |
7. Water |
9-11 |
11-12 |
S:ESS1:11:7.1 Explain that water quality can be affected positively or negatively by outside sources.
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Same as Grade 11
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